当发现孩子牙齿出现地包天问题,即下颌前突,上颌后缩,家长应及时寻求专业牙医的帮助。地包天可分为骨性、牙性和功能性三种类型,治疗方法有所不同。
骨性地包天
这是由于上颌发育不足或下颌发育过度所致,需进行正颌外科手术矫正。手术通常在青春期后进行,通过改变颌骨位置,使上下颌关系正常。
牙性地包天
这是由于牙齿排列不齐,上下牙咬合异常所致。可通过正畸治疗矫正,使用牙套或*矫正器逐渐调整牙齿位置,恢复正常咬合。
功能性地包天
这是由于*口腔习惯,如吮手指、咬嘴唇等引起。通过纠正*习惯,配合正畸治疗,即可解决。
治疗建议
对于地包天儿童,建议早期干预,一般在3-4岁左右即可开始治疗。早期矫正可避免颌骨畸形进一步加重,减少对孩子的心理和社交影响。
正畸治疗通常需要持续较长时间,大约1-2年。在这期间,家长应督促孩子认真佩戴矫正器,定期复诊,并配合牙医的建议进行口腔护理。
除了治疗外,家长还应注意以下几点:
帮助孩子养成良好的口腔习惯。
定期带孩子进行口腔检查,及早发现和纠正潜在问题。
为孩子提供健康饮食,减少糖分摄入。
小孩子牙齿地包天,即下颌牙弓突出于上颌牙弓,常见形成原因如下:
一、遗传因素:
地包天有一定遗传倾向,如果父母一方或双方都有地包天,孩子发生地包天的概率会更高。
二、*习惯:
prolonged habits such as prolonged finger *ing or tongue thrusting can exert excessive press*e on the jaw, leading to forward displacement of the lower jaw and underdevelopment of the upper jaw.
三、颌骨发育异常:
Such as mandibular prognathi* (excessive growth of the lower jaw) or maxillary retrognathia (underdevelopment of the upper jaw) can cause a skeletal imbalance, resulting in an overjet.
四、疾病因素:
Some diseases, such as Down syndrome or other genetic syndromes, can affect the development of the jaw and teeth, leading to ground teeth.
五、环境因素:
Premat*e loss of primary teeth or poor oral hygiene can create space for the lower jaw to move forward, resulting in a ground tooth.
预防措施:
To prevent the occ*rence of ground teeth in children, the following meas*es can be taken:
Pay attention to genetics and have regular dental exams to detect and address potential problems early.
Correct bad habits such as finger *ing and tongue protrusion.
Maintain good oral hygiene and prevent premat*e loss of primary teeth.
Seek medical attention for any underlying diseases that may affect jaw development.